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(direct lightning protection (lightning)) (earth ;ground) (equipotential bonding) (electromagnetic shielding) (over voltage protection)

lightning protection system
Lightning protection system (LPS) refers to a complete set of devices used to protect a space from lightning effects. It consists of external lightning protection system and internal lightning protection system.
Note: under certain circumstances, the lightning protection system may consist of only external lightning protection devices or internal lightning protection devices.
Lightning electromagnetic pulse protection technology, i.e. lightning protection technology, has been developed and mature. All major lightning protection enterprises in China can realize the lightning protection integrated system solution (lightning protection system) from design, product provision to construction and after-sales service. A complete lightning protection system is divided into the following five parts according to different functions:
Folded direct lightning protection
(direct lightning protection (lightning))
Direct lightning protection is to prevent lightning flash from directly striking buildings, structures, electrical networks or electrical devices. Direct lightning protection technology is mainly used to protect buildings from lightning damage and reduce the impact of huge lightning current on the internal space of buildings in the process of discharging into the ground along the buildings during lightning strikes. It is the first part of the lightning protection system. The direct lightning protection technology mainly includes lightning rod, lightning strip, lightning network and lightning wire, among which lightning rod is the most common direct lightning protection device. When the lightning cloud discharges close to the ground, it distorts the ground electric field, and forms a space with concentrated local electric field intensity at the top of the lightning rod to influence the development direction of lightning pilot discharge, guide the lightning to discharge to the lightning rod, and then introduce the lightning current to the ground through the grounding down lead and grounding device, so as to protect the protected object from lightning strikes. The lightning rod is crowned with the word “lightning protection”, which only means that it can prevent the protected object from lightning damage. On the contrary, it is the upper body of “lightning”.
The main lightning rods include conventional lightning rods, pre discharge lightning rods, active optimization lightning rods, current limiting lightning rods and typical prevention lightning rods. The WJZ series lightning rods produced by Henan Wanjia lightning protection company are commonly used and well-known in the world, such as wjz2500-1c.
Fold ground
(earth ;ground)
An intentional or unintentional conductive connection by which a circuit or electrical equipment can be connected to the ground or to a larger conductor instead of the ground. Note: the purpose of grounding is: (a) to make the conductor connected to the ground have a potential equal to or similar to the earth (or the conductor instead of the earth); (b) To guide the human earth current to flow into and out of the earth (or a conductor instead of the earth).
From the definition, grounding can be divided into: artificial grounding and natural grounding; From the nature of work, it can be divided into two categories: protective grounding (such as lightning protection grounding, anti-static grounding, equipment grounding, distribution point grounding, etc.), working grounding (such as power generation, transmission and distribution grounding of power facilities, etc.) and logic grounding of electronic circuits that do not require physical connection.
The grounding system achieves the purpose of protection by balancing the factors including resistance value, structure and mutual cooperation, and releasing the threat and other abnormal energy caused by direct lightning strike, lightning electromagnetic pulse, static electricity accumulated on equipment, power system short circuit and other conditions.
The general grounding system mainly includes copper-clad steel grounding system, long-term high conductivity active ion grounding system, etc., and the general hot-melt welding construction process is used for the connection process between the grounding unit and the emperor.
Folded equipotential bonding
(equipotential bonding)
Equipotential connection refers to connecting separate metal objects directly to lightning protection devices by connecting conductors or through surge protective devices to reduce the electrical potential difference caused by lightning current.
The principle of equipotential connection is to automatically conduct the potential difference between systems through equipotential connectors by connecting the independent grounding systems under normal conditions, so as to form a larger joint grounding system and more effectively release abnormal energy.
Folded electromagnetic shield
(electromagnetic shielding)
Electromagnetic shielding is a shield that uses conductive materials to reduce the penetration of alternating electromagnetic fields into a designated area. Lightning electromagnetic pulse propagates around the lightning strike point, and its influence range can reach 2km away or even farther, not only limited to the building itself or its internal equipment in the lightning strike.
Electromagnetic shielding technology mainly includes space electromagnetic shielding technology and line electromagnetic shielding technology
The space electromagnetic shielding technology is to block the invasion of electromagnetic waves through the metal material layer with reliable and continuous electrical connection distributed in all directions. The electromagnetic energy is converted into electrical energy by energy conversion on the shielding body, and then discharged to the ground through the grounding device.
The line electromagnetic shielding technology is to form a shield by laying through metal pipes (grooves) and reliably grounding the two ends of continuous metal pipes (grooves) to prevent the electromagnetic induction of electromagnetic pulses on the metal lines from generating overvoltage. In addition to the space shielding function, the line electromagnetic shielding technology also has the function of generating back electromotive force to offset the line overvoltage when the line is introduced with overvoltage.
Fold over voltage protection
(over voltage protection)
Overvoltage protection refers to a kind of protection applied by the power supply device and connected equipment to prevent power failure so as to generate excessive output voltage (including open circuit voltage).
Over voltage protection actually involves over-voltage protection of various systems, among which the most important ones are power system over-voltage protection and communication system over-voltage protection.
The over-voltage protection technology is mainly used to distribute the electric energy to each electric equipment of the system through the use of relevant equipment, and the maximum energy has been reduced to the maximum. Then, through the multi-level protection of the safety protection equipment of each electric equipment, the function of energy release and low residual voltage protection can be achieved. In practical application, considering the particularity of various systems, it is necessary to design special over-voltage protection schemes for different systems to achieve the protection purpose.