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Lightning protection grounding

Lightning protection grounding
Lightning protection and grounding are divided into two concepts. One is lightning protection to prevent damage caused by lightning; The second is grounding, which is a power consumption measure taken to ensure the normal operation of electrical equipment and personal safety.
Concept and classification of folding lightning protection grounding
The grounding device is the general term of grounding body and grounding wire. Its function is to introduce lightning current into the ground. The protection of lightning protection system is largely related to this. The characteristics of the grounding project itself determine the impact of the surrounding environment on the project effect. It is not feasible to design the grounding project without the specific situation of the project location. Practice requires systematic Grounding Theory to guide engineering practice. The quality of the design depends on the comprehensive consideration of many factors of the local soil environment. Factors such as soil resistivity, soil layer structure, water content and constructable area determine the shape, size and process material selection of grounding grid. Therefore, in the design of artificial grounding body, the accurate design shall be carried out as much as possible according to the geological conditions such as the soil resistivity and soil layer distribution where the grounding network is located.
Grounding body: also known as grounding electrode, it is a metal conductor or conductor group in direct contact with the soil. It is divided into artificial grounding body and natural grounding body. The grounding body is a conductor that is in close contact with the earth and provides electrical connection with the earth. It can safely dissipate the lightning energy to make it leak into the earth.
In the grounding design, various metal structures, pipes and equipment with reliable connection to the ground are used as grounding bodies, which are called natural grounding bodies. If the resistance of the natural grounding body can meet the requirements and does not cause safety hazards to the natural grounding body, it can be used as the grounding body in the absence of mandatory specifications.
The conductor artificially buried underground as the grounding device is called artificial grounding body. Generally, the metal objects with the section meeting the grounding requirements are buried in the ground at the appropriate depth. If the resistance meets the specified requirements, they will be used as the grounding body. Refer to the grounding specification for details. Lightning protection grounding, equipment grounding and electrostatic grounding shall be distinguished.
Grounding is the most important part of lightning protection engineering. Whether it is direct lightning protection or lightning electrostatic induction, electromagnetic induction and lightning wave invasion protection technology, the lightning current is finally sent to the ground. Therefore, without good grounding technology, it is impossible to have a qualified lightning protection process. The function of protective grounding is to make a good metal connection between the uncharged metal part of the electrical equipment and the grounding body, reduce the contact voltage to the ground, and avoid the danger of electric shock.
Types of folded grounding body
The metal conductor buried in the soil or in the concrete directly in contact with the earth, which plays the role of dispersion, becomes the grounding body. The grounding body is mainly divided into natural grounding body and artificial grounding body: all kinds of metal components, metal well pipes, foundations of reinforced concrete buildings, metal pipes and equipment that are directly in contact with the ground are called natural grounding bodies. The metal conductor buried in the ground and specially used for grounding is called artificial grounding body, which includes copper-clad steel grounding rod, copper-clad steel grounding electrode, copper-clad flat steel, electrolytic ion grounding electrode, grounding module and “high conductivity module”.
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